When it comes to philanthropy and giving, Africa is often overlooked and underrepresented in global discussions. There’s a prevalent stereotype that Africa is a continent of poverty and need, which sometimes overshadows the African causes on par with others.
However, Africa boasts a rich history of philanthropy that spans centuries. Various forms of giving and generosity have been integral to African cultures long before Western concepts of charity emerged. Many impactful philanthropic initiatives in Africa are often not widely covered in global media as other high-profile global issues and humanitarian priorities.
Ancient African societies embraced community-based philanthropy as a moral obligation to support those in need. For instance, in traditional Yoruba culture in West Africa, the concept of “Ìfifúnni” embodies the belief in sharing without expecting reciprocity. The Yorùbás are known for their hospitality and kindness, extending generosity not only within their clans but also to outsiders.
Similarly, in many African cultures, “ubuntu” or “humanity towards others” emphasized the importance of helping one another. African extended families, clans, and villages traditionally share resources and ensure the well-being of all members. This translates into various forms of giving, including:
Zakat: A mandatory charitable contribution in Islam, practised by millions across Africa. Statistics show Zakat’s contributions reach billions of dollars annually, funding education, healthcare, and social welfare initiatives.
Ubuntu (South Africa) and Harambee (Kenya): These philosophies emphasize interconnectedness and collective responsibility. Ubuntu translates to “humanity towards others,” while Harambee means “pulling together in unity.” Both encourage mutual support within communities.
Esusu (West Africa): Rotating savings and credit associations where members contribute regularly, allowing individuals access to lump sums for emergencies or ventures.
In-kind Donations: Sharing food, labour, and skills is another prevalent form of giving. It strengthens social bonds and ensures basic needs are met within communities.
Modern Africa is witnessing a surge in philanthropic activity. Here’s how the landscape is evolving:
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Rise of African Philanthropists: High-net-worth individuals increasingly invest in causes aligned with their values. For instance, the Mo Ibrahim Foundation, founded by Sudanese billionaire Mo Ibrahim, advocates for good governance in Africa.
Diaspora Giving: Africans abroad contribute significantly through remittances exceeding $100 billion annually, supporting families and local development initiatives.
Grassroots Movements: Community-based organizations innovate local solutions, often leveraging crowdfunding and local fundraising to address pressing challenges.
By acknowledging Africa’s rich history of giving and celebrating its modern expressions, we can create a more nuanced understanding of philanthropy. This shift empowers Africans to define their giving narrative and fosters a collaborative approach to development.
